Elba Protected Area

Location: Southeast corner of the Eastern Desert of Egypt.
Area: 35,600 km2
Type: Natural Reserve, National Park
Year of establishment: 1985
Objective: Protecting the unique habitat and rich biodiversity.
Management: The Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA).


Geographical aspects:
The Elba Protected area is an extensive and complex area comprising a number of ecosystems: The mangroves of the Red Sea, the Red Sea 22 islands, coral reefs, coastal sand dunes, coastal salt marshes, coastal desert plains and a cluster of coastal mountains (Jabal Elba, Jabal Ebruq and Al Daeeb). Jabal Elba is the single igneous mountain rising up to 1437m. Its summit is a "mist oasis" where a considerable part of precipitation is contributed in the form of dew or mist and clouds, creating unique and rare ecosystem not found anywhere else in Egypt

Flora:
The abundance of moisture allows an exceptionally diverse flora to exist. Some 458 species are known in the reserve. Ferns, mosses and succulents are fairly common in the mist zone at higher altitudes. Biscutella elbensis is endemic to Gebel Elba. At lower altitudes, in mountain wadis and foothills, there is dense parkland dominated by Acacia tortilis, Delonix elata, Aerva persica and Euphorbia cuneata. Salt-marsh vegetation and mangrove swamps fringe long stretches of the coast.
Fauna:
Jabal Elba supports a rich faunal diversity unparalleled in any other desert environment in Egypt. Forty species of birds, several of these are Afro-tropical, Ostrich Struthio camelus and Lappet face Vulture Torgos tracheliotus are still found in the Gebel Elba area though they have disappeared from most of their former North Africa/Middle-eastern range. Twenty three species of mammals including the endangered sea cow Dugong dugon, thirty species of reptiles and only one amphibian species.

Location: North east of south Sinai, near by the Gulf of Aqaba
Area: 500 km2
Type: Wildlife Reserve
Year of establishment: 1992
Objective: Protection of the Coral reefs and Mangroves


Geographical aspects:
It is among the most picturesque Protected areas in Egypt. Its spectacular granite mountains ending abruptly on a narrow coastal plain, fronted by rich coral reefs. The area also encloses narrow sinuous valleys, fresh water springs, coastal sand dunes, gravel alluvial fans, raised fossil reefs and low-lying semi sabkha.
High altitude deserts and wadis: The South Sinai reserves in general and Abu Galum in particular, contain varied ecosystems and habitat types. Management of these areas is based on the premise that all contained habitats are linked by physical and biological processes. High altitude deserts and connecting wadi systems form catchment watersheds, providing fresh water to habitats at lower elevations


The highlands provide for a multitude of micro-habitats supporting flora and fauna that are well adapted to this environment.
During infrequent winter rains, flash floods will wash through wadis transporting seeds and organic materials to lowland areas. Gravels and sands are also transported. These will be deposited in downstream areas often establishing new areas for plant growth. Small, shaded indentations on hillsides will retain water for extended periods and serve as water reservoirs for local fauna. When water and forage is scarce these animals move to lowland areas


Flora:
It houses 167 plant species, 44 of these species are seen only in this area. It is a floristic frontier falling under the influence of a tropical climate but having predominantly Mediterranean conditions.
Fauna:
Abu Galum contains the largest number of Nubian Ibex, Hyrax, Red Fox and Striped Hyena. Ten species of lizards and snakes have been identified in the area where three of them are very dangerous namely the Black Cobra, the Horned Viper and Burton's Carpet Viper. Fringe reef is near the coast.
The Abu Galum Protected Area is managed to ensure that its natural resources are safeguarded from all destructive activities. As a result, diving sites and shore access points are being prepared, nature trails through mountain areas have been identified, the area is being kept clean, Bedouin fishing activities are regulated, and a visitor center is under construction.

معلومات جميله وممتازه وقيمه يا فير ليت


بجد وجهد جميل اوي المبزول

بس الواحد معندوش بال يقعد يقرأ الكلام دا كللو

بس بجد شكرا ليك/ي كتيييييييييييييير علي الجهد الخطيير المبزول في الموضوع دا

الف شكر

شكرا اوى يا MR_ZABADE] على الاهتمام
على الأقل أقرا اول سطرين على المكان واعرف واتفرج على الصور :D

Location: Mid-Southern Sinai
Area: 5,750 km2
Type: National Park
Year of establishment: 1996

Objective:
The basis of the National Park's rationale is the conservation of biological diversity or biodiversity. This phenomenon has increased over geological time, the world's biodiversity is richer now than at any time in its evolutionary history. At the same time, global biological diversity is being lost at a rate many times faster than ever before, largely as a result of human activities


Management: The Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA


Geographical aspects:
St. Catherine National Park occupies much of the central part of South Sinai, a mountainous region of Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rock, which includes Egypt's highest peaks (St. Catherine mountain, Moussa mountain, Serbal mountain, Umm Shomer mountain and Tarbush mountain).
St. Catherine mountain is the highest peak in Egypt 2,624 m above sea-level. The Sinai massif contains some of the world's oldest rocks. Around 80% of the rocks are 600 million years old.
Importance:
The St. Catherine National Park is an area of great biological interest and includes the highest mountains in Egypt. This high altitude ecosystem supports a surprising diversity of wild species; some found nowhere else in the world.


The mountains are relic outposts for the Sinai rose finch from Asia, the ibex and wolf from Europe, and the striped hyena and Tristram's grackle which came from Africa. Several species are unique to the National Park including two species of snakes and about twenty plant species, such as a beautiful native primrose.
Flora:
Around 1000 plant species, representing almost 40% of Egypt's total flora are found in this region. These include many endemic species. Half of the 33 known Sinai endemics are found in St. Catherine area. Many of these are rare and endangered. Small orchards are scattered in wadis particularly at higher elevations.


Fauna:
The White-crowned Black wheatear is very characteristic of the area. There are 46 reptile species, where 15 of which are found nowhere else in Egypt. e.g. Endemic Sinai Banded Snake and the Innes Cobra which is considered to be very vulnerable to extinction. Other fauna include Geckos, Agamids, Skinks, Rodents, Hedgehogs, Hares, Red fox, Wild cat, Sinai Leopard, Rock hyrax, the Nubian ibex, Dorcas gazelle. The Panther pardus jarvisi is endangered and the endemic sub-species as well. A rich diversity of insects also exists.
Tourist Attractions:
The Saint Katherine National Park abuts the coastal reserves of Ras Mohammed National Park, the Nabq and Ras Abu Galum Managed Resource Areas that lie along the Gulf of Aqaba. The coastal resorts, a mainstay of the Egyptian economy, are among the fastest growing tourism developments in the world.
Their relative proximity to the Saint Katherine monastery and Mount Sinai has resulted in a growing number of visitors to the National Park. The protection of the area\routes, unique natural and cultural values was a primary goal in the declaration of the St. Catherine National Park. But, a wider national objective was to underpin and expand the tourist industry in Sinai. The aim was to enhance the quality of tourism by promoting environmental and cultural tourism in premium wilderness areas.
In so doing it was concluded that conservation would become an attractive option to rural people by linking sustainable tourism with local community development. In pursuit of these goals the management unit of the St. Catherine National Park actively promotes environmental and cultural tourism in these areas